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How many types of Hetvabhasa are there?

How many types of Hetvabhasa are there?

five kinds
They are five kinds of hetvabhasa viz. savyabhicara (anaikantika), asiddha, viruddha, satpratipaksita and badhita.

How many Vyaptis are there in philosophy?

There are two kinds of Vyapti: Anvayavyapti: It is invariable concomitance of the presence of the reason with the presence of the predicate. Vyatirekavyapti: It is the invariable concomitance of the absence of the predicate with the absence of the reason.

What is Nyaya in Indian philosophy?

Nyaya, (Sanskrit: “Rule” or “Method”) one of the six systems (darshans) of Indian philosophy, important for its analysis of logic and epistemology. Like the other systems, Nyaya is both philosophical and religious. Its ultimate concern is to bring an end to human suffering, which results from ignorance of reality.

What are Anumana and shabda in Indian philosophy?

Hinduism identifies six pramanas as correct means of accurate knowledge and to truths: Pratyakṣa (perception), Anumāṇa (inference), Upamāṇa (comparison and analogy), Arthāpatti (postulation, derivation from circumstances), Anupalabdhi (non-perception, negative/cognitive proof) and Śabda (word, testimony of past or …

What is Anumana philosophy?

anumana, (Sanskrit: “measuring along some other thing” or “inference”) in Indian philosophy, the second of the pramanas, or the five means of knowledge. Inference occupies a central place in the Hindu school of logic (Nyaya).

What is the literal meaning of Padartha?

Padartha is a word used in Hindu philosophy to describe objects that can be thought and named. The term comes from the Sanskrit, pada, meaning “subject,” “word,” “part” or “division”; and artha, meaning “object,” “sense” or “meaning.” It is typically translated as “category” or “material object.”

What is prama and pramana in Indian philosophy?

pramana, (Sanskrit: “measure”) in Indian philosophy, the means by which one obtains accurate and valid knowledge (prama, pramiti) about the world. The three principal means of knowledge are (1) perception, (2) inference, and (3) word.

What is Purvavat and Sesavat?

A purvavat inference is that in which we infer the unperceived effect from a perceived cause. A sesavat inference is that in which we infer the unperceived cause from a perceived effect.

What is the meaning of Nyaya?

Nyaya (न्याय) is a Sanskrit word which means justice, equality for all being, specially a collection of general or universal rules. In some contexts, it means model, axiom, plan, legal proceeding, judicial sentence, or judgment.

What is Nyaya perception?

According to Nyaya, perception or Pratyaksha is considered to be the first source of knowledge or pramana. Perception is a definite or true cognition of objects produced by sense-object contact. These five sense organs respectively perceive the physical qualities of colour, smell, sound, touch and taste in the objects.

What is Sabda philosophy?

shabda, (Sanskrit: “sound”) in Indian philosophy, verbal testimony as a means of obtaining knowledge. The school of logic, Nyaya, accepts verbal testimony, both human and divine, as a valid means of knowledge but notes that only the divine knowledge of the Vedas is infallible.

What is Upamana and Upameya?

stated example, the upameya is the object of. comparison and the upamana is standard of. comparison. च

What is hetvâbhâsa fallacy?

In Indian logic a fallacy is known as hetvâbhâsa. This fallacy means, the middle term appears to be a reason but is not a valid reason. In Western logic fallacies are formal in nature.

What is the meaning of hetvābhāsa?

Hetvābhāsa (हेत्वाभास, “fallacy”) refers to the thirteenth of the sixteen padārthas (“categories”) in the first chapter of Gautama’s Nyāyasūtra (2nd century CE). Hetvābhāsa is that which is not a real hetu or reason of an inference, but appear as the hetu.

What is vyapti and hetvabhasas?

Vyapti (invariable relation),Hetvabhasas (fallacies of inference). Many students has complained about the difficulties of these topic as they are not able to understand clearly about the key concepts of Inference.

What is the difference between Linga and hetvabhasa?

Hetvabhasa is that object which if known prevents the knowledge of Linga from leading to an inference 3. Hetvabhasa is that characteristics which prevents known inference.

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