What are the specifications of coal?
Coal Specifications
| Specification in ASTM Standard | Medium Calorific Value | |
|---|---|---|
| Ash Content | ADB | 5% |
| Volatile Matter | ADB | 40% |
| Ash Fusion Temperature | T1 | 1,150 Degree Celsius |
| Total Sulfur | ADB | 0.9% |
What makes a good coking coal?
Quality of coking coals The quality of the coking coal is determined in terms of chemical elements, ash content, moisture, coking properties, and strength. The most important chemical elements of the coking coal consist of sulphur, phosphorus, and alkalis (such as sodium and potassium).
What is coking grade coal?
Metallurgical coal or coking coal is a grade of coal that can be used to produce good-quality coke. Coke is an essential fuel and reactant in the blast furnace process for primary steelmaking. The demand for metallurgical coal is highly coupled to the demand for steel.
What type of coal is coking coal?
Metallurgical coal
Metallurgical coal, also known as coking coal, is used to produce coke, the primary source of carbon used in steelmaking. Metallurgical coal differs from thermal coal, which is used for energy and heating, by its carbon content and its coking ability.
What is the difference between coking coal and thermal coal?
Metallurgical coal (or “coking coal”) is mined to produce the carbon used in steelmaking, while thermal coal is used to make steam that generates electricity. Just as thermal coal can be replaced with clean energy from renewables, we can use low-emissions steel manufacturing to phase out metallurgical coal.
What is the best quality of coal?
Anthracite
Anthracite is the best quality of coal which carries 80 to 95 per cent carbon content. It ignites slowly with a blue flame. It has the highest calorific value.
What is coking coal made of?
The unqualified term “coke” usually refers to the product derived from low-ash and low-sulphur bituminous coal by a process called coking. A similar product called petroleum coke, or pet coke, is obtained from crude oil in oil refineries. Coke may also be formed naturally by geologic processes.
What is difference between coking coal and non coking coal?
A non-caking coal is that coal which on heating in absence of air doesn’t from a coherent mass of residue. A coking coal is that coal which on heating in absence of air leaves a solid residue. A non-coking coal also leaves a solid coherent residue which may not possess the physical & chemical properties of the coke.
What is coking non-coking?
A coking coal is that coal which on heating in absence of air leaves a solid residue. A non-coking coal also leaves a solid coherent residue which may not possess the physical & chemical properties of the coke. Coking coal are those coals which after heating in absence of air leaves a residual coke.
What is the difference between coal and coking coal?
Is there an alternative to coking coal?
Blast furnaces need coal, but there is an alternative technology called an Electric Arc Furnace (EAF). This is responsible for approximately 30% of the world’s steel production and does not require coal.
Do we need coking coal?
No coking coal is required. The future for coking coal in Europe looks grim to put it mildly. Most of today’s coking coal consumers are looking for alternatives and the European steel sector is becoming more circular. It is a myth that steel production requires coking coal.
What is coking coal used for in the steel industry?
Coking coal is an essential input for production of iron and steel. The largest single use of coal in the steel industry is as a fuel for the blast furnace and for the production of metallurgical coke for reduction of iron ore or for injection with the hot blast.
How much coal is needed to produce a ton of coke?
A lack of a reliable supply of individual coal grades means that coke-makers today often use blends of up to 20 different coals to offer steelmakers a consistent product. Approximately 1.5 metric tons of metallurgical coal are required to produce one metric ton (1,000 kilograms) of coke.
How to conserve high-grade prime coking coal?
To conserve high-grade prime coking coal, it is essential to blend the prime coking coal with inferior coking coal without affecting the quality of the product mix. Blending is also required for the metallurgical industry.
What determines the grade of coal and its caking ability?
The grade of coal and its caking ability is determined by the coal’s rank—a measure of volatile matter and degree of metamorphism—as well as mineral impurities and the ability of the coal to melt, swell and resolidify when heated. The three main categories of metallurgical coal are: