Who started Dravidian architecture?
The Pallavas
Dravidian style of architecture is a south Indian style of temple architecture. The Pallavas started their rule in the 4th century A.D. Mahendravarman I (AD 571-630) was the first king of the Pallavas. The Pallavas laid the foundation of Dravidian architecture.
What was the main features of the Dravidian style of architecture?
The main features of this style of temple architecture are: The front wall has an entrance gateway in its centre, which is known as a Gopuram. The shape of the main temple tower known as vimana in Tamil Nadu is like a stepped pyramid that rises up geometrically rather than the curving shikhara of North India.
What is meant by Dravidian architecture?
Dravidian architecture or the South Indian temple style is an architectural idiom in Hindu temple architecture that emerged in the southern part of the Indian subcontinent or South India and in Sri Lanka, reaching its final form by the sixteenth century.
During which period the evolution of Gopurams numbers height embellishment of high walls of enclosure for security is implemented?
Between the twelfth and sixteenth century, during the Pandya, Nayaka and Vijayanagara era when Hindu temples increasingly became a hub of the urban life, these gateways became a dominant feature of a temple’s outer appearance, eventually overshadowing the inner sanctuary which became obscured from view by the gopuram’s …
Who made Dravidian style temple?
Rajaraja Chola I
The Chola kings ruled from 848 CE to 1280 CE and included Rajaraja Chola I and his son Rajendra Chola who built temples such as the Brihadeshvara Temple of Thanjavur and Brihadeshvara Temple of Gangaikonda Cholapuram, the Airavatesvara Temple of Darasuram and the Sarabeswara (Shiva) Temple, also called the …
Where did Dravidians came from?
According to Narasimhan et al. (2019), early Dravidians formed as a mixture of Ancient Ancestral South Indians (“AASI” indigenous South Asian hunter-gatherers distantly related to the Andamanese), and Neolithic west Asian farmers from Iran. He notes that there are two scenarios for the origin and spread of Dravidians.
Which of these is a feature of Dravidian style of temple?
Dravidian architecture style emerged from South India. It consists primarily of Hindu temples where the dominating feature is the high gopura or gatehouse.
Which stupa is an ideal specimen of the Dravidian style?
Answer: The finest examples of their architecture are the Chennakesava Temple in Belur, Hoysaleswara temple in Halebidu, and the Kesava Temple in Somanathapura.
Why gopurams are built?
With the increasing threat from invading armies, the temple cities found it expedient to erect a series of protective walls to safeguard and defend their temples, palaces and cities. The Gopuras constructed on the gateways leading from one enclosure to the next, initially, served as watch towers for defense.
What is the difference between vimana and shikhara?
Vimana is the structure over the garbhagriha or inner sanctum in the Hindu temples of South India and Odisha in East India. However, in South Indian Hindu architecture texts, the term shikhara means a dome-shaped crowning cap above the vimana.
Which of these is not a feature of Dravidian style of temple?
There is only one vimana in the Dravidian architecture on top of the main temple. The subsidiary shrines do not have vimanas, unlike in Nagara architecture.
What are Dravidians known for?
Dravidians had an advanced city culture more ancient than the Aryans, who, as Indian legends tell and some dispute, invaded India from central Asia in several waves around 1500 BCE. The Rig Veda, an ancient Hindu scripture, records the destruction of Harappa, then called Hariyopiyah (5.27.
What are the features of the Dravidian style of architecture?
The features of the Dravidian Style of Architecture are mentioned below: The temple is enclosed within a compound wall. Gopuram: The entrance gateway in the centre of the front wall. Vimana: The shape of the main temple tower. It is a stepped pyramid that rises up geometrically (unlike the Nagara style Shikhara that is curving).
Which word used to indicate temple in Dravidian style of architecture?
Initially, Mandap word used to indicate temple in Dravidian Style of Architecture. Slowly and steadily the Mandap became Rathas. The biggest Ratha was Dharamraj Ratha and the smallest was Draupadi Ratha. The basic architectural diagram of the Dravidian Style is shown below.
What is shikhara in dravida architecture?
In the Dravida style, shikhara is the word used for the crowning element at the top of the temple (which is shaped like a stupika or octagonal cupola). At the entrance to the garbhagriha, there would be sculptures of fierce dvarapalas guarding the temple. Generally, there is a temple tank within the compound.
What is the vimana of the Dravidian temples?
The Vimana of the Dravidian Temples is usually in the shape of the rectangular branched pyramid. Temple building in South India got patronage from the Pallava and Chalukya dynasty in the early ages.